Transformational leadership is as a leadership style in which the leader identifies the necessary change, creates a vision to guide the change, and executes the change. Transformation leaders are those who stimulate and inspire followers to achieve extraordinary results and develop their leadership capacity. Transformational leadership is a style of leadership that involves change. Change simply may not happen in universities, but it happens in people, so to lead change, leaders need to know how to lead people. Through their visionary power and personality, transformational leaders can encourage followers to change expectations, perceptions, and motivations to work toward common goals.

Evidence-Based Decision Making (EBDM) is a strategic and deliberate method of applying empirical knowledge and research-supported principles to justice system decisions made at the case, agency, and system level. For example, an HR manager who resists putting an employee recognition system in place because they don't want their workers to become "complacent" is missing out on a chance to use evidence-based decision making.

The Office Administration and Management course takes a critical look at the day to day activities carried out and managed in the organization. With this course participant will learn how to manage fundamental administrative duties to managing pivotal tasks required in the office environment. The role of the Office Administrator and Manager is key and valuable to every business establishment regardless of the scale.

Different insurance companies and other financial institutions suffer losses due to the poor assessment of subject matter of insurance. The aims of this module is to equip trainees with basic concepts of risks assessment, underwriting decision making, material facts analysis, claims notification procedures, claims analysis and claims payment mode.

Organizations either private or public always are in needs of goods, works and services to perform better. However it is always a problem mainly for public institutions to acquire quality goods, services, and works at appropriate cost. Although many public procurement reform and anti-corruption practices are effective in the different countries procurement system, skills gap remain one of the main challenges that hinders the procurement performance, as a result, measures to tackle this problem should be introduced as the lack of necessary skills can be one of the sources of all malpractices. Training people involved in public procurement operations is one of measures to overcome challenges found in awarding and managing public tenders.

This module is one of the modules designed to capacitate those who recently joined the managerial positions. It specifically aims to initiate employees who have recently moved to middle-level management positions whether in the same institution or newly appointed, and or in situations where the work environment changes, like in situations when reforms are introduced for the sake of improving the service. 

This module intended to make the participants aware of the of the importance of the human resource function in an organization since the only thing that will uphold a company's competitive advantage tomorrow is the caliber of people in the organization. An understanding of people and how organizations manage them is therefore a core requirement for participants who aspire to be future managers or those who are already in Management.

Banking and Finance explores the dynamic, fast-paced world of money, shares, credit and investments. Finance is an essential part of our economy as it provides the liquidity in terms of money or assets required for individuals and businesses to invest for the future. This module covers the fundamental knowledge about the banking industry and finance. 

To begin an analytical foundation across the diversity of participant backgrounds, this module aims to promise that participants consider basic economic and gender-equality concepts, how they interact with each other and what occurs to basic economic ideas when approached through a gender lens.

Economic policy makers, planners and practitioners, with changing degrees of exposure to, and skills in, gender analysis will also be able to include gender specialists with varying degrees of exposure to, and skills in, working on economic issues from a gender perspective.

From your general knowledge, you are aware that government provides some goods and services to the public. The goods and services provided to the public cost money which means that the government must incur expenditure in providing them. 

This module is designed for professionals who are responsible for dealing with tax policy and administration. The module provides a comprehensive description n of the concepts, principles and prevailing issues of taxation. It provides the overarching principles of taxation, tax policy and administration. The module also describes the functions of tax administrators and the entire process of tax administration The module also explores the taxation process in Rwanda.

This module is one of the modules designed to incapacitate those who recently joined the managerial positions. It specifically aims to initiate employees who have recently moved to middle-level management positions whether in the same institution or newly appointed, and or in situations where the work environment changes, like in situations when reforms are introduced in the public service. 

Emotional intelligence or EI is the ability to understand and manage your own emotions, and those of the people around you. People with a high degree of emotional intelligence know what they're feeling, what their emotions mean, and how these emotions can affect other people.

This module helps to explore emotional intelligence and leadership by showing how emotional, social and cognitive intelligence competencies are the drivers of effective leadership, management and professional jobs.

In this module, trainees will learn to increase the confidence of the Cooperative’s different stakeholders in its work by increasing its long-term value; to ensure a proper balance in the functioning of the Members’ Assembly, Board of Directors, Supervisory Board and Management, as the main governing bodies of the Cooperative and to ensure transparency among the various governing bodies of the Cooperative, generating relevant, timely, reliable and verifiable information, minimizing conflicts of interest therein. Trainees will understand that good governance allows a Cooperative to establish who its members are, who has power and how they should exercise this power in the entity through the governance mechanisms. 

Sustainability management is rapidly progressing from an operational task to a strategic imperative one as environmental and social concerns shape the business environment. Scenario planning is increasingly being used by companies and governments to explore the potential impact of future challenges. Applied in a management education context scenario planning offers teachers of sustainability a tool through which they can promote creativity while developing student knowledge, skills, and abilities, preparing them for work in an increasingly dynamic market environment.

This module introduces the trainees to the basic concepts of gender analysis and gender planning for development practitioners. It is intended to equip the participants with introductory knowledge and tools that will enable them to recognize potential gender issues and to begin to determine how they should be addressed throughout their work. In turn, this should improve gender-responsive, result-oriented policies and operations.

Gender analysis provides the necessary data and information to integrate a gender perspective into policies, programmes and projects. As a starting point for gender mainstreaming, gender analysis identifies the differences between and among women and men in terms of their relative position in society and the distribution of resources, opportunities, constraints and power in a given context.

In many public institutions, managers face the problem of having the issues related to budget preparation and execution; accounting; financial reporting and trends towards results-based performance measurement; integrated financial management information systems (IFMIS) and auditing. In general, Countries are better at preparing budgets than executing them. Internal audit, management of fiscal risks, external audit, and scrutiny by Supreme Audit Institutions and the legislature are the weakest areas of PFM.

Since the late 1990s, DFID and other donors have devoted an unprecedented level of attention to the reform of PFM systems in developing and transition countries. Yet, the results have been mixed. With some exceptions, reform progress has been slow and the benefits elusive. Nevertheless, some countries have been more successful in implementing PFM reforms than others.   

Over the past 30 years, leading management thinkers have advocated for governments to take steps to manage for performance and results. What has emerged is an integrated approach to
performance measurement that has been adopted by many governments, private businesses,
UN agencies, development banks, and NGOs. The integrated approach ensures that
performance measurement is brought together with the strategic planning and budgeting
processes of an organization to support the alignment between its overall goals and the
According to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), result
based management is defined as management strategy focusing on performance and
achievement of outputs, outcomes, and impacts.

Events and conference create opportunities for people to connect and spend time together. People meet to celebrate and to experience the diversity of cultures, and foster creativity and innovation. Event and conference allow community to come alive and share their knowledge and experience. In order to bring people together, they are number of preparatory activities that are required before, during and after. This module provides the best practices related to event and conference management.

This module deals with the “nuts and bolts” (the basics) of setting up and using a monitoring and evaluation system for a project or an organization.  It clarifies what monitoring and evaluation are, how you plan to do them, how you design a system that helps you monitor and an evaluation process that brings it all together usefully.  It looks at how you collect the information you need and then how you save yourself from drowning in data by analyzing the information in a relatively straightforward way. Monitoring and evaluation enable you to assess the quality and impact of your work, against your action plans and your strategic plan.  In order for monitoring and evaluation to be really valuable, you do need to have planned well.

Labour administration and labour inspection have enjoyed an increasingly high profile in recent years, both at the national and international levels. Much of the increased interest has come from governments, as labour administration in a globalized world has become a key factor in the elaboration and implementation of Governments' economic and social policies. The mandate of labour administration and inspection should be regulated in the same manner to all workers and in all workplaces in all sectors.

Logistics is the management of the flow of goods between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet some requirements, for example, of customers or corporations. The resources managed in logistics can include physical items, such as food, materials, animals, equipment and liquids, as well as abstract items, such as time, information, particles, and energy.

The logistics of physical items usually involves the integration of information flow, material handling, production, packaging, inventory, transportation, warehousing, and often security.

According to the Council of Logistics Management, logistics includes the integrated planning, control, realization, and monitoring of all internal and network-wide material, part, and product flow, including the necessary information flow, industrial and trading companies along the complete value-added chain (and product life cycle) for the purpose of conforming to customer requirements.

Logistics is the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the effective and efficient flow of goods and services from the point of origin to the point of consumption.

Innovation and Digital Transformation is the process of using digital technologies to create new or modify existing business processes, culture, and customer experiences to meet changing business and market requirements. This reimagining of business in the digital age is digital transformation. Essentially, digital transformation describes the process by which a company forms a strategy to implement technology to improve business and meet the ever-changing demands of the consumer.

The ongoing digitalization of the economy and society holds many promises to spur innovation, generate efficiencies, and improve services throughout the economy. Moreover, the successful transition to a digital economy is a necessary condition for boosting more inclusive and sustainable growth and enhancing overall well-being. Innovation and Digital transformation create a system for gathering the right data and incorporating it fully for business intelligence at a higher level. It creates a way that different functional units within an organization can translate raw data into insights across various touchpoints.

The purpose of local economic development (LED) is to build up the economic capacity of a local area to improve its economic future and the quality of life for all.  It is a process by which public, business and nongovernmental sector partners work collectively to create better conditions for economic growth and employment generation (World Bank definition).

Since the Government of Rwanda has embarked on the decentralization policy as tool of accelerating economic development all over the country, reducing disparities between urban and rural areas and creating a sustainable development environment based on the involvement of local actors and exploitation of local potentialities; it is obvious that local leaders and local managers have to be sensitized to that approach. In most developing countries the development seems to be concentrated in cities and towns while the rural populations are living in substandard conditions. 

Such situation not only constitutes an obstacle to the integrated development but also causes numerous social problems such us a big number of unemployed people, high criminality rate especially among youth. It is in that regards in the process of national development the Local Economic Development has to be adopted as an approach leading to an integrated socio-economic development.

Agricultural entrepreneurship refers to farmers' ability to change or abandon old models and enter new phases of agriculture characterized by new challenges: free markets, sustainability and digital technology. The entrepreneurship is about entrepreneurs, innovators, and the things (products, services and processes) they create.

Agricultural entrepreneurship is an emerging field. It involves analyzing and understanding the strategies of agricultural entrepreneurs, particularly in response to the institutional changes and economic and technological disruptions to which the agricultural industry is subject. There is a need for a better understanding of agricultural entrepreneurship dynamics from the entrepreneurial theory viewpoint.

In education and mobilization: Human rights monitoring may be undertaken "for the purpose of mounting campaigns and publicity to create awareness among the public and to mobilize them to put pressure on the authorities not only to stop violations but also to prevent further violations.  Human Rights Law is an area of Law which deals with the study of Human Rights and authorities of the state and the organization of the state.

Human rights are inherent to all human beings, regardless of nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, color, religion, language, or any other status. Humans are all equally entitled to human rights without discrimination. These rights are all interrelated, interdependent, and indivisible. Human rights work is organized around fundamental principles that all humans should have access to basic rights and is focused on protecting and promoting those rights.

Geospatial and environmental analysis is to manage agricultural and other land resources with geographic information systems, global positioning systems, remote sensing and an appreciation for land resources and land use practices.  It is a vital element in the quest for sustainability in urban and regional development. Participants in the Geospatial & environmental analysis program combine knowledge of core natural sciences with courses in remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS), global positioning systems (GPS) and statistics to assist in supporting balanced land management decisions.  Geospatial & Environmental Analysis participants are encouraged to gain hands-on experience with land, people and information through field trips, internships and the capstone field module. GS&T provides useful tools and platforms to realize these connections.

Grant management is the processes and methods organizations go through to oversee grants. It encompasses every part of a grant's lifecycle, from pre-award research through post-award grant closeout. The process is always evolving and includes various lifecycle tasks through its unique award phases. Fundraising and grant management is an important module as it helps people to management loans and grant provided by finance institution or donors. Fundraising and Grants management relates to the administrative tasks which mostly deals with handling of the money, reporting, and program implementation in a way that meets generally accepted standards as well as the requirements of the funding source.

Event and conference management has become an important consideration for any entity wishing to promote its business. Promotional events are now necessary for any organization's marketing plan. Carefully planned events allow organizations a closer, more personal means of interacting with current or potential customers or supporters. The success or failure of a business can be determined, in large part, by the events it sponsors. Event and conference can be defined as the coordination of all aspects including budgeting and program development.

Events and conferences create opportunities for people to connect and spend time together. People meet to celebrate and experience the diversity of cultures, and foster creativity and innovation. Events and conferences allow the community to come alive and share their knowledge and experience. In order to bring people together, there is a number of preparatory activities that are required before, during, and after. This module presents principles and practices for individuals who plan and organize events, meetings, conferences, or conventions. By gaining a clear understanding of the event planning process, developing management skills, and getting familiar with the best practices in the event industry, participants will be better prepared to run their own event or conference.

Integrated corporate communication is relevant in the strategic management process with its focus on shaping consistent messages to strategic stakeholders, sustaining corporate communication narratives on social media sites, and aligning communication strategies with organizational goals. Corporate communications departments play a key role in how investors, employees and the general public perceive a company. They often report directly to a company’s chief executive officer and serve as advisers in managing a company’s reputation. They help leaders prepare for media interviews, develop messages to deliver to investors and employees and suggest new initiatives to keep companies on the cutting edge of communication with their stakeholders. Corporate communications departments play a key role in how investors, employees and the general public perceive a company. They often report directly to a company’s chief executive officer and serve as advisers in managing a company’s reputation. They help leaders prepare for media interviews, develop messages to deliver to investors and employees and suggest new initiatives to keep companies on the cutting edge of communication with their stakeholders.

Business continuity planning and management is a planning and management discipline through which organizations design, implement and maintain measures, plans and strategies which are effective to manage crisis, respond to/ recover from a disaster; this starts with an identification of potential threats and vulnerabilities as well as impacts that recognized threats might cause to business operations.  

A successful application of business continuity plan increases business resilience and efficiency, which, in turn contribute to a higher performance and takes an organization at a level it can control and continue to run its operations during and after a disaster situation.

This module provides a strong foundation on business continuity planning and management, and looking why it is important and how it can be implemented within the overall risk management process, before reviewing the disaster recovery process.  

Volunteer management includes all the efforts it takes to recruit, engage, and retain a dedicated group of volunteers. This involves promoting your program, signing up volunteers, appreciation and retention efforts, and more. With an effective volunteer management strategy, your organization can build meaningful and long-term relationships with supporters.  Volunteerism is one of the best ways to gather support for your organization and take meaningful action towards your mission. The life of a volunteer management leader is no easy feat. It involves juggling multiple tasks, including planning volunteer opportunities, promoting them to constituents, engaging supporters, and retaining volunteers long-term. This module explain how volunteer management leaders are tasked with every step of the volunteer lifecycle, why is volunteer management so important? what are the types of volunteer involvement? and how to maximize your volunteer management, strategies for volunteer engagement and strategies for volunteer retention particularly in Rwanda.

Sport is a growing industry with enormous numbers of people now involved in the management and administration of sports, fitness and exercise. Whether voluntary, public or commercial sectors, all can benefit by improving the practice and delivery of the management of sport and its organizations. This module is designed to help university student understanding more about sport administration and sport management for sport actors and or actors to be.

A sports administrator works with athletic organizations to improve sports programs. Sports managers strive to create programs that are profitable, beneficial to athletes and successful both on and off the field. Sport administrators plan, organize and direct sport and recreation programs and services in accordance with policies set by management, owners, and boards of directors or executive committees.

In the field of sports, the fields of sports management and sports administration are closely related. And, sometimes, they can be confused with each other. Although these two professions do work hand in hand, there are some fundamental differences between them. You need to know about these variations as these will help you to choose which sporting career path you want to follow. A sports manager, as the term suggests, manages the business of sports. He or she will manage players’ contracts, marketing and finances of the individual player or team. They are business people involved in sports and are responsible for making sure that the careers of the different sportsmen and women and/or team are incredibly successful.

Geopolitical Strategy method emphasizes national constraints rather than preferences. Geopolitical opportunities are as well as risks, and aim to reveal when markets are overrating or underrating geopolitical narratives.

Geopolitics is ostensibly neutral examining the geographic and political features of different regions, especially the impact of geography on politics geostrategy involves comprehensive planning, assigning means for achieving national goals or securing assets of military or political significance.  Geostrategy is about the exercise of power over particularly critical spaces on the Earth's surface; about crafting a political presence over the international system.

It is aimed at enhancing one's security and prosperity; about making the international system more prosperous; about shaping rather than being shaped. A geostrategy is about securing access to certain trade routes, strategic bottlenecks, rivers, islands and seas. This module covers a broad range of geopolitical theories, touching on social Darwinism, imperial geopolitics, Nazi geopolitics, Cold War geopolitics, core-periphery relations, Marxist geopolitics in France and the US after 1968, dependency theory in Latin America, as well as more recent postmodern, post-colonial, post-Marxist and feminist approaches. It explores a host of contemporary geopolitical issues regarding global environmental security, resource conflict, popular geopolitical media (i.e., film and cartoons), migration, finance, terrorism, urban warfare, and etc. especially in Rwanda.

Community leadership is a specific form of the general concept of leadership. It is frequently based in place and so is local, although it can also represent a community of common interest, purpose or practice. It can be individual or group leadership, voluntary or paid. Leadership is as the process of people working together to achieve mutual purposes. Building leadership capacity involves development of human resources, such as knowledge and skills, time and energy, attitudes and enthusiasm, and appreciation of diversity.

A community is a space where one can learn social skills, culture, values, and sense of identity. It is therefore the leader must consider what makes the gears turn within said community, the leader must encourage the community to be successful in its own way.  

Cybersecurity management and operations are an organization’s strategic-level capability to protect information resources and competitive advantage in a complex and evolving threat landscape. Cybersecurity operations is the process that tells us what we need to do to ensure a strong cyber defense.  Cyber security management and operation (CSOC) managers have the responsibilities to monitor the channels through which information flows into and out of an organization's information network.

Business continuity planning and management is a planning and management discipline through which organizations design, implement and maintain measures, plans and strategies which are effective to manage crisis, respond to/ recover from a disaster; this starts with an identification of potential threats and vulnerabilities as well as impacts that recognized threats might cause to business operations.  

A successful application of business continuity plan increases business resilience and efficiency, which, in turn contribute to a higher performance and takes an organization at a level it can control and continue to run its operations during and after a disaster situation.

This module provides a strong foundation on business continuity planning and management, and looking why it is important and how it can be implemented within the overall risk management process, before reviewing the disaster recovery process.  

Digital marketing overview refers to advertising delivered through digital channels such as search engines, websites, social media, email, and mobile apps. While this term covers a wide range of marketing activities, all of which are not universally agreed upon, we’ll focus on the most common types below. Digital marketing overview this module can help you to analyze future of digital marketing. Digital marketing is an umbrella term for SEO, Email Marketing, Content Marketing, Public Relations, social media, and more. Social media is just one of the many channels that make up a digital marketing campaign. Social media allows marketers to connect and engage potential customers where they are at: LinkedIn, Twitter, Youtube, Facebook, Instagram, and even some of the younger platforms like TikTok. With a strong social media strategy and the ability to create engaging content, marketers can engage their audience.

This module is designed to accompany the courses on performance budgeting for trainees. It presents summaries of the essential content for each of the core topics covered in budgeting courses. This module can therefore be used on a “stand alone” basis. However, it may be used to best advantage in conjunction with the support of the key readings listed at the end of each section. Tight budgets and demanding citizens put governments under increasing pressure to show that they are providing good value for money. Providing information about public sector performance can satisfy the public’s need to know, and could also be a useful tool for governments to evaluate their performance.

Performance information is not a new concept, but the governments of Developing  countries have taken a closer look at integrating it into the budget process in the past decade as part of efforts to improve decision making by moving the focus away from inputs (“how much money will I get?”) towards measurable results (“what can I achieve with this money?”)

Networking, lobbying and advocacy are fundamental practices for a sustainable and functioning non-governmental organization. Lobbying, Advocacy, and Policy Influencing is a powerful tool used to address systems, rather than symptoms.

Advocating for better policies generates positive change for disadvantaged people, groups and countries has a vast reach, and its approach tackles the systematic causes of problems, thus empowering local voices and promoting the sustainable development of our country. Sometimes the terms "lobbying" and "advocacy" are used to mean the same thing namely, influencing individuals and institutions to support your cause.

Finance and Budgeting for is for “Non-financial Managers” module is designed for people who want to understand key financial principles and apply them in a real-world context. Over the module, you will navigate through six chapters that highlight the basics know knowledge in finance and Budgeting such as finance and budgeting concepts, understanding balance sheet, understanding income statement, understanding cash flow management, understanding budgets and the public financial management in Rwandan context. 

Different insurance companies and other financial institutions suffer losses due to the poor assessment of subject matter of insurance. The aims of this module is to equip trainees with basic concepts of risks assessment, underwriting decision making, material facts analysis, claims notification procedures, claims analysis and claims payment mode.

According to the Official Gazette n°29 bis of 18/07/2016 art.10: A public servant who is appointed on a post in public service benefits from an induction course enabling him/her to be familiar with his/her job and with public service functioning in general. Every public institution must ensure that induction courses are provided to new public servants.

A functional democracy needs an informed citizenry and empowered media, popular participation in policy making, a responsive state, and governing processes that are open, transparent and inclusive to all legitimate interests. Improving relationships between citizens and their government means working simultaneously on state responsiveness and effectiveness, citizen empowerment, and the accountability of elected officials and council members. The state alone cannot solve society’s many problems or provide the remedies for democracy’s deficits. This module discusses the basic concept of citizen participation and inclusive governance as well as strategies and approaches to promote citizen participation. The module discusses different citizen participation tools and provides case studies of citizen participation in Rwanda.

Networking, lobbying and advocacy are fundamental practices for a sustainable and functioning non-governmental organization. Sometimes the terms "lobbying" and "advocacy" are used to mean the same thing namely, influencing individuals and institutions to support your cause. Strictly speaking, lobbying is a parliamentary concept. Moreover, the tasks of representing civil society in the democratic policy making process and fighting for more social justice demand a professional understanding of both the concepts of networking and lobbying.

Modern marketing has two different meanings in the minds of people who use the term. One meaning of marketing conjures up the terms “selling, influencing, persuading” thought by a large number of persons and always viewed and discussed as a business activity. They mistakenly think of marketing only as selling and promotion tasks, but they are only two of several marketing functions. The other meaning of marketing unfortunately is weaker in the public minds; it is the concept of sensitively, “serving and satisfying human needs” This provides the true definition module terms, provides the selling planning and processes at the same time it provides the marketing processes and how it should be conducted. This module is designed to define the sales and marketing management

This module is designed for professionals who are responsible for dealing with tax policy and administration. The module provides a comprehensive description n of the concepts, principles and prevailing issues of taxation. It provides the overarching principles of taxation, tax policy and administration. The module also describes the functions of tax administrators and the entire process of tax administration The module also explores the taxation process in Rwanda.

Leadership is conceived as a process where one or more persons influence a group of person to move in a certain direction. The word leadership has been used in various aspects of human endeavour such as politics, business, academics and social works. Therefore, an individual will support the organization if he believes that through it his personal objective and goals could be met, if not, the person’s interest will decline. Leadership occurs when one group member modifies the motivation or competence of others in the group.

Emergency and disaster management aims to minimize the broad consequences of a disaster and demands full preparedness with regard to organizational readiness, communication, and coordination among all partners; resource availability; and professional engagement. Preparedness may be achieved by either being exposed to many disasters or to proper educational programs. An “acceptable preparedness” is somewhat subjective and what is acceptable may differ due to the geographical and educational background of the countries and their resources, expectations, and quality demands. Furthermore, since disasters occur infrequently, opportunities for frequent exposure to disasters are rare.